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Objectives:
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) involves partial obstruction of the upper airways due to conformational changes. Similar to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in humans, the intermittent hypoxia in BOAS leads to various systemic consequences, such as impaired oxygenation and alveolar microinjuries, which can trigger interstitial lung disease and pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to assess the effects of BOAS on the respiratory system in affected dogs.
Methods:
A prospective observational study including 52 brachycephalic dogs clinically classified by BOAS grades was conducted using validated exercise tests, along with 15 beagles serving as mesocephalic controls. Arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary B-mode ultrasonography, and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography of the pleuropulmonary surface were performed. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results:
Dogs with BOAS exhibited elevated values of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P = 0.017), base excess (P = 0.04), and bicarbonate levels (P = 0.019). Additionally, they showed a thicker pleuropulmonary line (PPL), measuring 0.8 mm (interquartile range [IQR], 0.18 mm), than the mesocephalic dogs (0.7 mm; IQR, 0.1 mm; P = 0.003). A positive correlation was observed between the BOAS severity grade and increased PPL thickness (P = 0.003). In ARFI elastography, PPL stiffness in the control group (4.02 m/s; IQR, 0.72) was higher than that in BOAS-affected dogs (3.76 m/s; IQR, 1.19; P = 0.023).
Conclusions:
Dogs clinically affected by BOAS showed changes in oxygenation levels and increased PPL thickness, indicating the presence of underlying lung disease. This study highlights the severe respiratory consequences of BOAS in brachycephalic dogs.
Financial Support: São Paulo Research Foundation 2023/12747-5
34th Annual Scientific Meeting proceedings
Stream:
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Session:
Date/Time: 30-11--0001 (00:00 - 00:00) | Location:
Date/Time: 30-11--0001 (00:00 - 00:00) | Location:
Respiratory Repercussions in Pugs and French Bulldogs with Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome
Rein A1, Facin AC1, Fabris IA1, Lima BB1, Gasser B1, Aires LPN2, Uscategui RAR3, Feliciano MAR2, Moraes PC1
1FCAV - Unesp, Jaboticabal, Brazil, 2FZEA - USP, Pirassununga, Brazil, 3Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia.
Objectives:
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) involves partial obstruction of the upper airways due to conformational changes. Similar to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in humans, the intermittent hypoxia in BOAS leads to various systemic consequences, such as impaired oxygenation and alveolar microinjuries, which can trigger interstitial lung disease and pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to assess the effects of BOAS on the respiratory system in affected dogs.
Methods:
A prospective observational study including 52 brachycephalic dogs clinically classified by BOAS grades was conducted using validated exercise tests, along with 15 beagles serving as mesocephalic controls. Arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary B-mode ultrasonography, and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography of the pleuropulmonary surface were performed. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results:
Dogs with BOAS exhibited elevated values of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P = 0.017), base excess (P = 0.04), and bicarbonate levels (P = 0.019). Additionally, they showed a thicker pleuropulmonary line (PPL), measuring 0.8 mm (interquartile range [IQR], 0.18 mm), than the mesocephalic dogs (0.7 mm; IQR, 0.1 mm; P = 0.003). A positive correlation was observed between the BOAS severity grade and increased PPL thickness (P = 0.003). In ARFI elastography, PPL stiffness in the control group (4.02 m/s; IQR, 0.72) was higher than that in BOAS-affected dogs (3.76 m/s; IQR, 1.19; P = 0.023).
Conclusions:
Dogs clinically affected by BOAS showed changes in oxygenation levels and increased PPL thickness, indicating the presence of underlying lung disease. This study highlights the severe respiratory consequences of BOAS in brachycephalic dogs.
Financial Support: São Paulo Research Foundation 2023/12747-5
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